Introduction 1. Reactive Avoidance and Risky Behavior 2. An Overview of Specific Distress Reduction Behaviors 3. Key Treatment Recommendations 4. Assessing Distress Reduction Behaviors in Context 5. Safety, Stabilization, and Harm Reduction 6. Acceptance and Mindfulness 7. Trigger Management 8. Processing Trauma- and Attachment-Related Memories 9. Treatment Planning and Implementation: Bringing It All Together 10. Special Considerations for Certain Distress Reduction Behaviors and Patterns.